Electrical Engineering :: essays research papers

Electrical Engineering Work Performed Electrical Engineers research, develop, design, and test electronic components, products, and systems for commercial, industrial, medical, military, and scientific applications (Cosgrove 749). They are concerned with devices that use small amounts of electricity that make up electronic components such as integrated circuits and microprocessors. By applying principles and techniques of electronic engineering they design, develop, and manufacture products such as computers, telephones, radios, and stereo systems (EGOE, 121). Electrical engineers touch everyone lives through the things they have designed or created. Electrical engineers have invented the lights in your house, the television, the stereo, the telephone, computers, and even your doctor’s blood pressure gauge (Stine 300). History The history of engineering goes back into the 19th century when Alexander Volta (1745-1827) made a remarkable discover regarding the nature of electricity (Cosgrove 749). He discovered that electrical current could be controlled and could flow from one point to another. By the time the mid-19th century came about the rules for electricity were being established. During this time electromagnetic induction was discovered by Michael Faraday who lived from 1791 to 1867 (749). Also during this time Samuel Morris invented the telegraph in 1837 which relies on the principles of electromagnetic induction (749). Alexander Graham Bell, who lived from 1847 to 1922, created the telephone which also uses electricity in order to operate (749). Through the success of the telephone, Bell Telephone Company was established. In 1878, the light bulb was finally invented by Thomas Edison who lived from 1847 to 1931 (749). Off the principles of Faraday’s electric motor from 1821, Nicholas Tesla inve nted a more efficient and powerful electric motor in 1888 (749). To make these inventions be more significant, effort was expended to make better motors and transformers and to enhance the power needed to make them function. Through these inventions during the middle 19th century, it led to the capability of lighting homes and cities through the use of electricity, and it also led to the creation of the telephone communication system (750).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Into The 20th Century By the time the 20th century arrived, vacuum tubes were invented that could transmit weak electrical signals which led to the formation of electromagnetic waves that led to the invention of the radio broadcast system (750). These vacuum tubes were discovered to be able to transmit currents through solid material, which led to the creation of transistors in the 1960’s (750).

The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship

In order to completely understand the relation, it is Important to define what Is meant by each of the terms before Identifying any links between them. Joseph Schumacher defined entrepreneurship as â€Å"whatever the type, everyone is entrepreneur only when he actually carries out a new combination and loses that character as soon as he has built up his business, when he settles to running it as other people run their 1934, p. 78) I agree with most of this definition as this basically means that a person is only an entrepreneur when something new Is created.After this point, they are not considered entrepreneurs as whatever they have created Is no longer new. Schumacher also said that Innovation Is the creation of a new product, new method of production, new markets or new ways of directing resources. It is also important to distinguish between incremental and radical Innovation. Incremental innovation refers to a small change whereas radical change means a revolutionary change, For example, the Invention of the first mobile phone was a radical innovation. The release of Apple's latest phone is an incremental innovation.Firstly, I will examine the correlation between Just entrepreneurship and innovation. In my opinion, it is impossible to be an entrepreneur without being innovative. Summerset's definition supports this belief. The person needs to create something incrementally or radically new in order to be an entrepreneur. A good example of this would be Steve Jobs, one of the founders of Apple. His Innovation towards portable music was radical In the sense that his product was compact. However, since then, he has made more products such as phones and computers.Schumacher also argued that innovation allows firms to generate abnormal profits which are required as they encourage research and development. However, I believe that this research and development often leads to incremental change rather than radical change. This can be seen by looking at Apple as we ll. Apple constantly makes incremental changes to FIFO However, incremental change is essential for economic development. Economic development is defined as the rise in the general standards of living and quality of life. It is measured by the Human Developmental Index (HID).The HID is a â€Å"way of measuring development by combining indicators of life expectancy, educational attainment and income† (UNDO, 2011). Economic development can only be achieved if there is economic growth. Economic growth is the rise in a nation's real gross domestic product (GAP). Considering that â€Å"Development requires the removal of major sources of unfounded: poverty as well as tyranny, poor economic opportunities as well as systematic social deprivation, neglect of public facilities as well as intolerance or overcapacity of oppressive states. (Mammary Seen, 1999, p. 3), I firmly believe that economic growth can lead to economic development. Entrepreneurship and innovation fuels economic gr owth as it makes demand rise. An entrepreneur innovates and creates something to meet a pre-existing yet unfulfilled demand. As a result, people buy that product, allowing the entrepreneur to earn profits. These profits can be invested back into the business. The process then starts again and causes the economy to grow. A growing economy results in increasing expenditure.This means that unemployment falls and incomes rise. This means that consumption of necessity goods increases. The provision and consumption of services such as health care and education can also increase. Governments can also generate more revenue from tax as incomes and expenditure rises. This means the provision of public goods such as clean drinking water, sanitation and law and order increases. A rise in the supply of public goods causes a reduction in inequality gap and improves income distribution.All of these constitute to economic development as the standard of living has now been improved and this can be p roven by calculating the values for the HID indicators. Furthermore, economic growth is also an incentive for more innovation as it signals to the potential entrepreneurs that the economic conditions are suitable for making profits. It is due to all these conditions that I believe that the ‘uninformed' mentioned in Ken's definition are removed and aptly addressed during a period of economic growth, thus, resulting in economic development.An example, from Kenya, of the process above supports my argument. According to an article published by The Guardian, a Kenya telecommunications company, Safari, started providing a mobile banking service called ‘M-Peas' in 2003. This service permitted its users to store money on their phones and pay for items or transfer money via SMS. This provided people with an alternative source of banking that was better than the traditional method because it was portable and did not impose heavy charges for transactions. As a result, demand for mo bile phones went up.A study done by the London Business School showed that for every 10 extra mobile phones per 100 people, GAP in a developing nation went up by 0. 5%. Mobile phones also aided in economic development because they â€Å"can also be used to spread vital information about farming and healthcare to isolated rural areas send symptoms of a disease to a doctor via text and receive a diagnosis. Farmers could find the market price of the crops to ensure that they are not cheated. Mobile banking is not a radical innovation however; incremental change can be more beneficial for less developed countries.This service helps improve the quality of life for people in remote, rural areas that are hard to get to due to poor infrastructure. Although, entrepreneurship and innovation can cause economic growth, it isn't the only way. Economic growth can also be found in situations from which entrepreneurship is completely absent. A prime example of this would be the Russia during the s ass. During this time, Russia was a centrally planned economy. By definition this means that all decisions were made by the state rather than individuals. â€Å"The decade of sass was thus the â€Å"golden period† of Soviet economic Roth.The patterns of Soviet growth of the sass in terms of growth accounting were very similar to the Japanese growth of the sass-ass and to Korean and Taiwanese growth in the 1960-ass – fast increases in labor productivity counterweighted the decline in capital productivity' (Vladimir Pop, 2010) These nations saw an increase in their GAP even during a lack of entrepreneurship due to increased labor productivity. However, the rise in GAP only lasted a decade. As it can be inferred by inspecting the current economic conditions in the former Soviet states, the growth was not sustainable.Sustainability looks at the level of self-sufficiency a product or notion has. It is related to entrepreneurship and innovation in the sense that if a produc t, idea or procedure is not sustainable, the likelihood of its existence is low. It's obvious to me that an entrepreneur is less likely to follow through with an idea that cannot continuously generate profits. Conversely, the concept of sustainable development has to be discussed while trying to understand the relationship between economic development and sustainability.Sustainable development is defined as â€Å"development that meets the needs of the resent without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. † (NUANCED, 1987)This means that entrepreneurs have to be innovative in a manner that satisfies the current demand but does not harm the future generation's capacity to innovate and satisfy their demands. Sustainable entrepreneurship can help achieve economic development. For example, the invention of the catalytic converter by Eugene Hydro was a radical innovation that was meant to reduce the air pollution created by exhausts from chimneys a nd automobiles.This kind of radical innovation benefits the developed nations more as they have a higher rate of institution and more factories and automobiles that create emissions. In this case, sustainable entrepreneurship increases economic development because impact on health, one of the factors measured by the HID, is reduced. In conclusion, the relationship between entrepreneurship, innovation and economic development is a bilateral one. I think it is impossible to be an entrepreneur without causes economic growth which is required for economic development.However, economic growth does not equate to economic development, as shown by the report on Soviet growth rates. Even though there was economic growth, there was a very insignificant, if any, rise in the standards of living. For me, this highlights the importance of entrepreneurship in achieving economic development. Even though I think radical innovation is a better reflection of entrepreneurship, I think that incremental innovation is of greater importance for the purposes of promoting economic development in less developed countries.The incremental innovations done by entrepreneurs in less developed nations, such as Safari in Kenya, are vital for economic development due to the nature of the infrastructure in these countries. Radical innovations such as the creation of the catalytic converter and whiney scrubbers that reduce emissions are significant for improving the standards of living in developed nations due to the opulence and levels of consumption. Sustainability and sustainable development play a noteworthy role in this relationship.

Greek Mythology A Polytheistic Text And The Book Of Genesis

Since the time of great antiquity, human beings desired power; yet ironically the term power is defined differently from person to person. Linguistics has shown that power is closely related to the Latin word imperium, which also means the ability to command. For the purpose of this essay, consequently, power is related to neither physical nor mental strength, but the ability to command, govern, keep order, and maintain obedience. This term and its definition is intensively explored in Hesiod’s Theogony – a polytheistic text – and The Book of Genesis – a monotheistic text. The two readings explain the beginning of two different cultures; Theogony elaborates the beginning of Greek mythology while Genesis centers around the beginning of†¦show more content†¦Zeus viewed his children as a threat to his power, hoping that â€Å"no other god than Zeus would get/ The royal power over all the gods/ Who live forever† (Hesiod, 52). Perhaps because of fear and anxiety, â€Å"Zeus, forestalling danger, put her down/ Into his belly,† and ultimately forbade the birth of his many descendants. In the study of politics, it seems fair to suggest that the majority and the most powerful is usually not permanent, but Zeus is attempting to disprove this generalization, by limiting the number of gods and goddesses under his command. The monotheistic Judeo-Christian theology, however, has opposed idea about power. In The Book of Genesis, God encourages reproductions among humans to increase his power; he believes that the more humans there are, the more power he has, which contradicts with the ideology of a polytheistic culture thereof. After the creation of the first humans, he ordered them to â€Å"be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the air and over every living thing that moves upon the earth† (1:26). To gain even more obeisance from hum ans, he ordered them to reproduce and urge them to have children. Undeniably, God considers the power to command numerous humans to be greater than the power over just one male and one female figure, which is evidently differentShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast the Biblical Creation Myths with Other Creation Myths from Greece and the Ancient Near Eas2116 Words   |  9 Pagesmyths with other creation myths from Greece and the Ancient Near East. It will first discuss the initial creation of the universe followed by the creation of mankind and finally the recreation of man whilst drawing parallels to Sumerian and Babylonian texts, The Old Testament and Hesiods Theogony. In paying particular attention to the chronology of each myth it will be shown that the creation myths regarding the universe and mankind evolved from as far back as the Sumerian stories. From the fragmentedRead MoreReligion And Its Impact On Religion Essay1928 Words   |  8 Pagessimilarities emerge in its literary usage, customary practices and societal impact. I argue that although religion is generally regarded as a scared aspect of a group and is sometimes used for narrative, explanatory and preservation purposes within these texts; it has been manipulated to serve and cover up the ideologies and practices of its followers. These ideologies and practices would on the most part be regarded as wrong not only on a contemporary basis, but also to those at the opposite end of itsRead MoreMs Paul2146 Words   |  9 Pages01/23/2012 Introduction The book is an analysis of the Biblical view of the world and compares it other works in the Ancient Near East of that time with the development of the Bible. This is done by an in-depth analysis of the underlying beliefs inherent in mythology and the Biblical text. Of primary significance is the authors portrayal of the Biblical insistence on monotheism and divine transcendence compared to the polytheistic underpinnings of mythology. The author compares the ethicallyRead MoreAncient Egyptian Influence on Modern Religion Essay2829 Words   |  12 PagesEgypt is considered the birthplace of many world religions. It contains some of the oldest religious artifacts, texts, and art that can be traced to modern religions. Signs of early Egyptian religion date back to the Predynastic period, beginning with evidence of polytheistic worship. Many scholars have researched the development of Ancient Egyptian religion over the centuries and have studied the direct correlation between it and the modern religions of Judaism and Christianity. Questions ariseRead MoreBook Summary: the Bible Among the Myths by John N. Oswalt Essay3529 Words   |  15 PagesABSTRACT John Oswalt, in his book The Bible Among the Myths, presents his position to the reader that the bible is different and separate from other writings of the Ancient Near East. He asserts the Bible is both historically accurate and theologically sound. He makes the defense the Bible was divinely inspired and revealed to humanity and unique from other Ancient Near East literature. There was a time when the Bible, and the Israelite religion was different from its neighboring societies.Read More Hinduism Essay3998 Words   |  16 PagesTheir conclusions were biased by their pre-existing belief in the Hebrew Scriptures (Old Testament). The Book of Genesis, which they interpreted literally, appears to place the creation of the earth at circa 4,000 BCE, and the Noah’s flood at circa 2,500 BC. These dates put severe constraints on the date of the Aryan invasion, and the development of the four Veda and Upanishad Hindu religious texts. A second factor supporting this theory was the ir lack of appreciation of the sophisticated nature ofRead MoreAncient Eastern Thought and the Old Testament Essay10692 Words   |  43 PagesLIBERTY UNIVERSITY THE BIBLE AMONG THE MYTHS JOHN, N. OSWALT A SUMMARY PAPER OF THE TEXT ANCIENT NEAR EASTERN THOUGHT AND THE OLD TESTAMENT SUBMITTED TO DR. RANDY G. HANEY DEPARTMENT OF THEOLOGY BY 03 MARCH 2013 Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: HISTORY AND METHODS 3 CHAPTER 2: COMPARATIVE STUDIES, SCHOLARSHIP, AND THEOLOGY 6 CHAPTER 3: SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE OF THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST 10 CHAPTER 4: THE GODS 14 CHAPTER 5: TEMPLES AND RITUALS 19 CHAPTER 6: STATE AND FAMILY

Losing Weight Takes Exercise and Diet Essay - 596 Words

In addition to a sensible diet, exercise contributes to weight loss. The American Heart Association recommends doing 30 to 60 minutes of moderate cardio on most days of the week, and strength training on two days to reduce your weight. (See References 1) To lose 1 pound of fat, a daily deficit of 500 calories is needed. This might sound like a lot, but by adjusting your cardio and strength-training workouts, and engaging as many muscles as possible, you can maximize your caloric burn without living in the gym. Boost Your Cardio Intensity High-intensity interval training, or HIIT, can make you burn more calories during and after your workout, because it forces your body to work harder. During HIIT, you go back and forth between short†¦show more content†¦For instance, jump rope or do jumping jacks between the exercises. The ACE recommends doing circuit training at least twice a week. (See References 5) Include Combination and Compound Exercises Combination and compound exercise can optimize your strength training routine. Although you might not burn a lot of calories during the exercises, you stimulate more muscle tissue by working multiple muscles at the same time. (See References 6) Muscle tissue burns more calories than fat and boosts your resting metabolism. (See References 7) Combination exercise can include lunges with biceps curls, or lateral or front raises, squats with shoulder presses, and pushups with dumbbell rows. Compound exercises can include dead lifts, lunges, squats, bench presses, lat pull-downs, pull-ups, and bent-over rows. Key Concepts maximize caloric burn burning many calories exercise caloric burn References American Heart Association: Losing Weight [http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/WeightManagement/LosingWeight/Losing-Weight_UCM_307904_Article.jsp] Shape.com: 5 Ways to Burn 500 Calories in 30 Minutes [http://www.shape.com/fitness/cardio/5-ways-burn-500-calories-30-minutes] American Council on Exercise: High-Intensity Interval Training [http://www.acefitness.org/fitness-fact-article/3317/high-intensity-interval-training/] American Council on Exercise: What is cross trainingShow MoreRelatedQuick Weight Loss Diet Plan Essay1583 Words   |  7 Pages Lose 5 Pounds in 5 Days Fast Quick Weight Loss Diet Plans Intro Why Some People Fail to Lose Weight FAQ s How Much Will You Lose Conscious Eating Leads to Weight Loss Success The Basic Diet Plan Alternative Plan One Alternative Plan Two Alternative Plan Three Alternative Plan Four Alternative Plan Five Intro We live in a land of too much food. 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Losing weight, eating healthy and finding time to exercise are th e biggest complaints of most individuals that are overweight. According to Rob B (par 1), so many people fail at losing weight because they are lazy. Many people would like to lose weight and exercise but because of jobs, families and other priorities, it makes it difficult to find time to exercise. Every time youRead MoreFad Diets : Obesity And Obesity1382 Words   |  6 Pagesstruggle with excess weight, but Americans exceed the rates of obesity in other first world countries by thirteen percent (Overweight). According to Overweight and Obesity Statistics, 68.8 percent of the population is overweight or obese in America. Although the number of overweight and obese people is higher than ever before, many are not willing to work to lose weight. Americans want to sit back, relax, and lose weight. Fad diets have become very popular for this reason. 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Women in Psychology Psy 310 Essay - 1470 Words

Women In Psychology by Phoenix University PSY 310 Aril 28, 2012 1 Inez Beverly Prosser, Psychologist Inez Beverly Posser (1895-1934) was America’s first Black female psychologist. http://www.apa.org/monitor/2008/11/prosser.aspx . Not only is this significant in itself, it is also the adversity she overcame growing up to get there. And later, in the profound research in her dissertation that caused controversy as well as groundbreaking discoveries regarding education and integration vs. segregation as it relates to psychology. Inez was born into a family with 10 other siblings where she†¦show more content†¦Why did Inez’s research and conclusion cause such controversy? There are many 3 different views that can be drawn on the research and conclusions. First, since Inez was African American herself, this may have conflicted within her African American community. Why? Since African Americans have been struggling for equal rights and equality in education, this would seem to go against what her own race has been struggling to achieve. On the surface it would appear that way. However, her research was from a psychological perspective that had not yet been considered or researched. Ironically, her conclusions in her study in her dissertation could also be useful as the topic of desegregation that did not come along until decades after her study. The question that was answered even before its time, is how desegregation would effect the students themselves. Would this have a positive or negative effect on their education? If equality was to be reached in the public school system wouldn’t this have to also mean that the African American students would also fare better than in integrated schools? What’s the use in achieving desegregation if it is going to have such a negative impact on the African American students? If you will notice, the word â€Å"integrated† is used in place of â€Å"desegregation† in her study since desegregation had not yet even been addressed! As you can imagine, many different views, arguments, and psychologicalShow MoreRelatedHistory of Modern Psychology Essay754 Words   |  4 PagesA History of Modern Psychology PSY 310 Andrea Terpstra March 15, 2010 Lillian Fillpot A History of Modern Psychology The history of psychology is in infancy at the present time. Many philosophers can be credited to the development of this science. Starting in the early 18th and 19th centuries philosophers such as Rene’ Descartes and John Locke opened the world of what we know as psychology today. The British empiricists also contributed to psychology. Some of these men include David HumeRead MoreWomen in Psychology - Margaret Washburn1458 Words   |  6 PagesWomen in Psychology – Margaret Floy Washburn PSY/310 May 23, 2011 Women in Psychology Margaret Floy Washburn was an accomplished and highly-recognized woman within the field of psychology in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Her interests were equally divided between science and philosophy and thus, Washburn made the decision â€Å"†¦to pursue â€Å"the wonderful new science of experimental psychology†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Goodwin, 2008, pg. 200, para. 2). Under the tutelage of E. B. Titchener, a British psychologistRead MoreHorney1624 Words   |  7 PagesWomen in Psychology Paper Shanda L. Ludwig PSY/310 September 11, 2011 Dr. Matt Pearcey Women in Psychology Paper It was not until the 1890s that women were allowed access to training in most fields of study, including psychology. 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The essay speaks of her background from her early teenage years and progressing through her career as a psychologist, her battles of a womanRead MoreINEZ BEVERLY PROSSER - AFRICAN AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST1587 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Inez Beverly Prosser Twentieth Century African American Psychologist Marcus Monteiro PSY 310 May 4, 2014 Professor Sara Molloy Abstract Inez Beverly Prosser (1895-1934), was an African American psychologist of the early twentieth century. Her main focus was on the significance of racism and its effects upon children relative to the obtainment of fair and adequate education. This writing will address the endeavors, perspectivesRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 PagesExchange-participating health benefits plan. Sec. 306. Other functions. Sec. 307. Health Insurance Exchange Trust Fund. Sec. 308. Optional operation of State-based health insurance exchanges. Sec. 309. Interstate health insurance compacts. Sec. 310. Health insurance cooperatives. Sec. 311. Retention of DOD and VA authority. Subtitle B—Public Health Insurance Option †¢HR 3962 IH VerDate Nov 24 2008 12:56 Oct 30, 2009 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6211 E:\BILLS\H3962

Cults (2230 words) Essay Example For Students

Cults (2230 words) Essay CultsEach year, hundreds of North Americans join one of the increasing,estimated 3000 unorthodox religions that exist across North America. Theincreasing number of cults, to date in North America, is due to the factthat cults are a social movement that attempts to help people cope withtheir perceived problems with social interaction. Cult recruiters targetthose who perceive themselves as different from the rest of society, andgive these individuals the sense of belonging that they crave. Cultliterature lures potential cult members by appealing to their desperateneed to socially fit in. Cults provide a controlled family environmentthat appeals to potential cult members because it is a removal from theexterior society. Cult recruiters prey on those who see themselves as alienated from therest of society, and give these people the sense of conformity that theydesire. A common method of recruiters, to obtain new members, is throughchat lines on the internet. A recorded conversation between a member of the Divine Light Mission, Fire-Shade, and an 18-year old boy, Jay 18, was obtained off of the site, IRC Teen Chat. Jay18: I am a really great poet, but all of the kids in my class are pretty warped about it. I basically hide it from them because I dont need that hassle. Fire-Shade: My family has a great respect for the artist inside us all. I know you live in Michigan, and our family could always use new operatives all over the world. You have to understand what our family is about, it is about always fitting in and never hiding the truth to be liked or cool. Are you interested?Jay18: Well maybeFire-Shade: Give me your phone number we really shouldnt talk about this here. Jay18: I would rather not give my phone number out. You give me yours, I wont be able to talk for long though. Fire-Shade: Trust is very important in our group. Do you trust me? You cant call us, unfortunately because we are not in a position to be accepting phone calls. Jay18: Well then you can just e-mail me. OK. Fire-Shade: 1The cult member makes the young boy feel as though he does care abouthis problems, and wants to make this boys life better. Fire-Shadeconveys his family as an entity not as many different individuals. Afterfeeling alone for many years the only persuasion some individuals needis the assurance that they will be part of a society and acceptedunconditionally. Cult members know what type of individuals feel mostalienated and alone, says Dr. Lorna Goldberg, a New Jerseypsychoanalyst. No one plans to join a cult unless they see that cult as a possibility for a family, or a better society. Cults target people in transitioncollege students away from home for the first time, people who have moved to new cities for jobs, those who have just been divorced or widowed. Usually individuals 16 to 25 or 35 to 40. The vast majority of members are merely looking for a sense of community and belonging, during a difficult time in their lives.2 Cults provide an ersatz social unit, which takes them in, nurtures themand reinforces the cults worldview. By the time that most cult membersrealize that this cult isnt what they had expected, it is too late,because they are already too afraid to leave. Recruiters are not theonly way that potential members are enticed into cults, often theirliterature is powerful enough. Cult novels, pamphlets and websites draw in potential cult members byappealing to their desperate need to socially fit in. Often if a pieceof cult literature is written correctly it convinces the most logicalmind of the most absurd reasoning, like this pamphlet by the HeavensGate cult. The generally accepted norms of todays societies world over are designed, established, and maintained by the individuals who were at one time students of the Kingdom of Heaven- angels in the making- who flunked out of the classroom. Legends and scriptures refer to them as fallen angels. The current civilizations records use the name Satan or Lucifer to describe a single fallen angel and also to nickname any evil presence. If you have experienced some of what our classroom requires of us, you would know that these presences are real and that the Kingdom of God even permits them to attack us in order for us to learn their tricks and how to stay above them or conquer them.3This particular piece of heave ns gate literature can be found printed innot only their pamphlets and novels, but also on their website. In thissingle passage this cult has enabled the alienated individual to feelaccepted and feel that they are not the only person who feels helpless,alone and disliked by society. It not only reassures the potential cultmember that they are welcome somewhere, but it makes them feel superiorto the society that they feel has betrayed them their entire life. Herzog EssayThe idea that any specific social-class is more susceptible to cultmembership is false. As history has shown cult members social class cannot be generalized. Social Status is no indicator of susceptibility and no defense against it. For instance, while many of the dead a Jonestown were poor, the Solar Temple favors the carriage trade. Its disciples have included the wife and son of the founder of Vuarnet sunglass company. The Branch Davidians at Waco came from many walks of life. And at Rancho Santa Fe they were paragons of the entrepreneurial class, so well organized they died in shifts.10 The reason for cult membership is obviously not entirely due to social class. Different people are drawn to different cults, just as different cults prey on different individuals. The research done at the Bethany Hills School is also not entirely accurate because the population is so small that 24 surveys cannot accurately represent most cult members. Although Dr. Meltons research provides an interesting viewpoint, hisclaims are still being experimented and have never been fullysubstantiated. His claim that cult members are young people rebellingagainst their parents is statistically inaccurate since 35 to40-year-olds are one of the most common groups of cult members, and makeup a large portion of the hundreds of men and women who join cults eachyear. Cult enlisteers target those who view themselves as a deviant from therest of society, and give these individuals a false sense of family. Cult literature lures potential cult members by convincing them thatsociety is an anomalous entity and that they are healthy and sound. Thecontrolled family environment of cults appeals to potential cult membersbecause they have all of their decisions made for them, and do not riskfailure. No one is beyond the possibility of joining a cult, applicantsrequire only a hopeless feeling of social inadequacy, a condition apt tostrike anyone at some point in life. Undoutably, many cults aremalicious and violent, but they do send a clear message that somethingis very wrong when sane, healthy people would rather burn, poison, andshoot themselves to death rather than live another moment in society. Endnotes1. Lacay, Richard. Macleans: The Lure of the Cult (March 22 1997)2. Graebrener, William. The American Record. Alfred A. Knoph, Inc. New York. 1982. 3. Applewhite, Marshall Herff. Heavens Gate, The Novel. Received offof their internet site(www.heavensgatetoo.com)4. Applewhite, Marshall Herff. Heavens Gate The Novel. Received offof their internet site(www.heavensgatetoo.com)5. Bright-Paul, Anthony. Stairway to Subud. Dharma Book Company, Inc. NewYork. 1965. 6. Swami, Bhaktivedanta A.C. Krsna Consciousness: The Topmost YogaSystem. Iskcon Press. Boston. 1970. 7. Fennell, Tom. Time: Doom Sects . (April 7, 1997) 8. Lamaadar, Alia. Cults:Questionair. January 12, 1998. 9. Lamaadar, Alia. Cults:Questionair. January 12, 1998. 10. Muller, Bill. The Edmonton Journal: The Lure of Cults . (April 1, 1997)Bibliography1. Applewhite, Marshall Herff Heavens Gate, The Novel. Received off oftheir internet site(www.heavensgatetoo.com)2. Bright-Paul, Anthony. Stairway to Subud. Dharma Book Company, Inc. NewYork. 1965. 3. Bugliosi, Vincent. Helter Skelter. Bantam Books. New York. 1975. 4. Fennell, Tom. Time: Doom Sects . (April 7, 1997) 5. Graebner, William. The American Record. Alfred A. Knoph, Inc. NewYork. 1982. 6. Lacay, Richard. Macleans: The Lure of the Cult (March 22 1997)7. Lamaadar, Alia. Cults:Questionair. January 12, 1998. 8. Muller, Bill. The Edmonton Journal:The Lure of Cults . (April 1, 1997)9. Porter, Anne. Farewell to the Seventies. Thomas Nelson and Sons. Don Mills. 1979. 10. Smith, Michelle. Michelle Remembers. Pocket Books. New York. 1980. 11. Swami, Bhaktivedanta A.C. Krsna Consciousness: The Topmost YogaSystem. Iskcon Press. Boston. 1970.

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